Titanium alloys play a crucial role in modern industries due to their exceptional properties. Known for being lightweight, high strength, and corrosion-resistant, they are commonly used in sectors like aerospace, medical, automotive, and marine engineering.
These unique characteristics make titanium alloys indispensable for applications requiring durability in extreme conditions.
The goal of this blog is to provide a comparison of commonly used titanium alloys based on their properties and parameters, helping customers make informed decisions when selecting the right material for their specific needs.
Classification of Titanium Alloys
Titanium alloys are classified based on their microstructure into five main categories:
Alpha (α) Alloys: Composed mainly of alpha-phase titanium, these alloys are non-heat-treatable with excellent corrosion and creep resistance.
Near-Alpha Alloys: These alloys contain small amounts of beta-phase stabilizers, improving strength and creep resistance at elevated temperatures.
Alpha-Beta (α-β) Alloys: These alloys contain both alpha and beta phases, making them heat-treatable and versatile. They offer a good balance of strength, ductility, and corrosion resistance.
Beta (β) Alloys: Composed mainly of beta-phase titanium, these are fully heat-treatable and provide the highest strength-to-weight ratio. They have excellent cold workability.
Metastable Beta Alloys: Retaining some alpha phase, these alloys can be hardened through aging, offering a good balance of strength and toughness.
Key Property Comparison of Common Titanium Alloys: Grade 1 Vs. Grade 2, Grade 5, Grade 7, Grade 9, Grade 12 and Grade 23 Titanium
| Titanium Alloy Grade | Primary Composition | Плотность (г/см³) | Предел прочности на растяжение, предел (МПа) | Твердость (HRB/HRC) | Температура плавления (°C) | Устойчивость к коррозии |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Titanium Grade 1 (Pure Titanium) | Pure Titanium | 4,51 г/см³ | ~240 MPa | 70 HRБ | <= 1670 °C (<= 3040 °F) |
Excellent corrosion resistance, good ductility, and formability. |
| Titanium Grade 2 (Pure Titanium) | Pure Titanium | 4,51 г/см³ | ~345 MPa | 80 HRБ | <= 1665 °C (<= 3029 °F) |
Similar to Grade 1 but slightly stronger, with excellent corrosion resistance. |
| Титан марки 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) | Titanium, Aluminum, Vanadium | 4,43 г/см³ | ~1000 MPa | 36 HRC | <=1660 °C (<=3020 °F) |
High strength, excellent corrosion resistance, and good machinability. |
| Titanium Grade 7 | Titanium, Palladium | 4,51 г/см³ | ~344 MPa | 75 HRБ | <= 1665 °C (<= 3029 °F) |
Similar to Grade 2 but with added palladium for enhanced corrosion resistance. |
| Titanium Grade 9 (Ti-3Al-2.5V) | Titanium, Aluminum, Vanadium | 4,48 г/см³ | ~620 MPa | 102 HRB | ≤ 1700°C (≤ 3090°F) |
A medium-strength alloy with good corrosion resistance and formability. |
| Titanium Grade 12 (Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni) | Titanium, Molybdenum, Nickel | 4,51 г/см³ | ~450 MPa | 99 HRB | <= 1660 °C (<= 3020 °F) |
Offers good strength and high corrosion resistance in acidic environments. |
| Titanium Grade 23 (Ti-6Al-4V ELI) | Titanium, Aluminum, Vanadium | 4,43 г/см³ | ~895 MPa | 35 HRC | <= 1660 °C (<= 3020 °F) |
An extra-low interstitial version of Grade 5 for improved biocompatibility. |
Applications of Titanium Alloys
Аэрокосмическая промышленность: Titanium alloys, such as TC4 (Ti-6Al-4V), are used in aircraft structures and turbine engines for their high strength, low weight, and resistance to extreme temperatures.
Медицинское оборудование: Their biocompatibility and corrosion resistance make titanium alloys ideal for orthopedic implants, surgical tools, and dental implants, ensuring safety and durability inside the human body.
Морская инженерия: Titanium’s superior corrosion resistance makes it perfect for underwater equipment and pipelines, where materials must withstand harsh seawater environments.
Автомобильная промышленность: In racing and performance vehicles, titanium alloys improve engine parts and exhaust systems by offering a lightweight, yet strong, solution that enhances efficiency and speed.
Вывод
Titanium alloys are crucial in industries needing lightweight strength and corrosion resistance, from aerospace to healthcare. Whether it’s reducing aircraft weight or crafting durable medical implants, these materials perform brilliantly. HDC’s deep expertise ensures tailored titanium alloy solutions that perfectly fit your unique needs—because in these industries, there’s no room for guesswork.
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